2012 Tablet Comparison Guide

How do the top tablets of 2012 compare?
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Tablets are everywhere. No matter where you turn this holiday shopping season, you'll see them. Apple's iPad is still in the driver's seat, but its field of competitors is rapidly growing. How do you sort through all the noise, and make the best purchase? Look no further than our 2012 Tablet Comparison Guide.

Specs aren't everything, but they can suggest a device's capabilities. Our comparison highlights the most important measurable categories, as well as those hard-to-define intangibles.
We condensed our list to the most popular tablets of the season. They are:

• Apple iPad (4th generation)
• Apple iPad mini
• Google/Samsung Nexus 10
• Google/Asus Nexus 7
• Amazon Kindle Fire HD (7")
• Microsoft Surface RT
• Barnes & Noble Nook HD

There are omissions. Digging deeper would yield devices like the Transformer Pad Infinity and Galaxy Note 10.1. There are also variations on the included tablets, like the iPad 2, Nook HD+, and Kindle Fire HD 8.9". Perhaps we'll tackle these devices later. For now, we narrowed it down to an elite seven.
Without further ado, let's compare the best tablets of 2012.

Dimensions

Our field is filled with three 10-inch tablets, and four 7-inch tablets. Those screen sizes are rough ballparks, as you'll soon see.
In terms of surface area, the Nexus 7 is the smallest, and the Surface is the largest. The beefy Nook HD is the thickest, and the svelte iPad mini is the thinnest.
All of the tablets can be used in either portrait or landscape, but the Surface RT and Nexus 10 are the only ones intended primarily for landscape.

Weight

With the Nook HD hot on its heels, the iPad Mini takes the prize for lightest tablet. The small tablets have other tradeoffs, but they're the most comfortable to hold for extended periods.
Surface is the heaviest of the three 10-inchers, followed by the 4th-generation iPad.

Display

On paper, the Nexus 10 wins the resolution prize. In practice, it, the iPad, and Nook HD are all extremely sharp.
The Surface has the least pixels per inch, but its ClearType (sub-pixel rendering) technology gives it some leeway. That may leave the iPad mini with the lowest perceived pixel density.

Processor

The days of single core tablets are long gone. Our list has five dual core, and two quad core processors. Chip manufacturers include Apple, Samsung, NVIDIA, and Texas Instruments.

RAM

The Surface and Nexus 10 have the most random-access memory (RAM), and iPad mini has the least.

Storage

All the tablets are available in multiple storage options.
There are a couple of caveats: Windows RT takes up lots of space, so Surface's available storage is 16-18 GB less than what's listed. Its microSD card slot, though, helps to make up for that. It and the Nook HD are the lone devices with external storage.

Wireless

Most of these tablets are Wi-Fi only. The iPad, iPad mini, and Nexus 7 are the only devices sold in cellular data models (LTE for iPads, HSPA+ for Nexus 7).

Battery

Take this category with a few grains of salt, as these are estimates. Most deliver good (if not great) uptimes, with Surface being the most questionable.

Cameras

If you want the best cameras, look at the Nexus 10 and the two iPads. Look away from the Nook HD, as it has none.

Intangibles

This is where the two iPads shine. The App Store has over 275,000 tablet-specific apps. None of the other platforms come close. For many customers, this spec trumps all others.
Surface has two keyboard covers (sold separately), which Microsoft is marketing as integral companions. The Touch Cover is unique (it has pressure-sensitive keys), but you can buy third-party keyboard covers for other tablets.
In addition to the full-sized iPad, the Nexus 10 and Nook HD also have razor-sharp displays. The Nexus 10's display has the highest resolution of any commercial tablet.
The Nexus 7 (as well as the Nexus 10) ships with Android 4.2, Jellybean. Unlike most Android devices, the Nexus tablets have no manufacturer skin, and will receive future updates quickly.
If you invest in the Kindle Fire, you'd better like Amazon. The tablet's "operating system" is a heavily-skinned version of Android 4.0, Ice Cream Sandwich. It's essentially a storefront for Amazon, with heavily-featured content from Amazon.com, Kindle, Instant Video, and MP3.
... ditto for the Nook HD, only with Barnes & Noble content.

Starting prices

All of the tablets are sold at different price points, but these prices reflect the Wi-Fi only base models.
The Nexus 7, Kindle Fire HD, and Nook HD are the cheapest (US$200). The iPad mini carries a $130 premium over the seven-inch slates. Depending on your needs, its premium build, larger display, and superior software library could justify that.
The Nexus 10 tempts with a $100 cheaper price than the other ten-inch slates. Also remember that Surface's keyboard – its killer feature – adds an extra $100 to its price.

Summing up

Tablets are indeed everywhere, but these are probably the most worthy of your attention. One size rarely fits all, and half the fun is in sifting through the variety to find your favorite.

This article was taken from the article of  By Will shanklin

HP EliteBook

HP targets enterprise users with EliteBook Revolve convertible tablet

HP's EliteBook Revolve tablet is aimed at enterprise users

With the success of the iPad, it’s easy to forget that convertible units with a rotating hinge and physical keyboard were once the form factor of choice for tablet computers. While touchscreen-only devices now dominate the consumer space, convertible tablets continue to find a market, particularly amongst business and government users. It is these markets that HP is targeting with its latest touch-enabled convertible tablet, the EliteBook Revolve, which is due for a March, 2013 release.
Powered by third-generation Intel Core processors and with 4 Gb of RAM, the EliteBook Revolve features a touch-enabled, 11.6-inch, 1,366 x 768 pixel resolution display that pivots and twists to switch between traditional laptop and tablet form factors. The display is made from scratch-resistant Gorilla Glass 2, while the all-magnesium chassis helps keep the unit’s weight down around 3.04 lb (1.37 kg) – that figure is based on the preproduction model, as is the estimated 22.4 mm thickness of the device.
The full-sized physical QWERTY keyboard features a backlight and is spill-resistant, while the screen orientation and brightness will adjust according to the unit’s position. Connectivity features include optional WWAN (LTE in the U.S. and HSPA+ elsewhere), secure NFC, Bluetooth, Ethernet port, two USB 3.0 ports and a DisplayPort.

Onboard storage comes in the form of a 256 GB SSD, with a 720p HD4 camera positioned above the display, a dual-microphone array, DTS Studio Sound and CyberLink’s YouCam software also on board. An optional pen is also available for touchscreen input. The battery should be good for eight to ten hours of use, and 210 hours of standby.
Although it has been optimized for Windows 8, HP will offer the option of preloading the EliteBook Revolve with Windows 7 for those not yet prepared to jump on the Metro train.
The EliteBook Revolve is that latest bid by HP to grab a slice of the growing enterprise tablet market. In October it announced the business-oriented ElitePad 900 boasting a rugged form factor and compatibility with Smart Jacket peripherals. The company has also announced a new Multi-Tablet Charging Module that can store and charge up to 10 tablet PCs with screen sizes under 10.1 inches from a single power outlet.
Like the ElitePad 900, the Multi-Tablet Charging Module will be available in the U.S. in January. It will be priced at US$499. Pricing of the EliteBook Revolve will be announced closer to its March, 2013 release date.

Article taken from the article  By Daren Quick

Atmospheric Vortex Engine

Atmospheric Vortex Engine creates tornadoes to generate electricity

The LM-6 prototype AVE system

Just Tell Us How RS Helps You Keep Your World Running

Tornadoes generally evoke the destructive force of nature at its most awesome. However, what if all that power could be harnessed to produce cheaper and more efficient electricity? This is just what Canadian engineer Louis Michaud proposes to achieve, with an invention dubbed the “Atmospheric Vortex Engine” (or AVE).
AVE works by introducing warm air into a circular station, whereupon the difference in temperature between this heated air and the atmosphere above creates a vortex – or controlled tornado, which in turn drives multiple wind turbines in order to create electricity. The vortex could be shut down by simply turning off the source of warm air.

Michaud’s company, AVEtec Energy Corporation, reports that the system produces no carbon emissions, nor requires energy storage to function, and that further to this, the cost of energy generated could potentially be as low as US$0.03 per kilowatt hour.
"The power in a tornado is undisputed," enthused Michaud. "My work has established the principles by which we can control and exploit that power to provide clean energy on an unprecedented scale."
The heat required to get the mini-tornado started would be provided by a temporary heat source, such as a heater, or steam. However, AVEtec states that once the vortex is thus established, the continuous heat could then be provided by a more sustainable source – such as waste industrial heat or warm seawater. According to the company’s figures, a functional AVE power station with a 100-meter (328-foot) diameter is capable of generating up to 200 megawatts of electrical power.
For now though, efforts are focused on producing an 8-meter (26-foot) prototype, which will create a 40-meter (141-foot) high vortex, with a diameter of 30 centimeters (11 inches). The vortex will power a single 1-meter (3.2-foot) turbine, and will be manufactured in partnership with Lambton College, in Sarnia, Ontario. This development is helped forward by a grant awarded by Breakout Labs.

Article taken from the article of Adam Williams

Amalayer

Latest viral video online ..Very Funny yet Serious

4th-generation iPad

Review: 4th-generation iPad

We review the new 4th-generation iPad with Retina Display

At the iPad mini event, Apple did something that it hasn't done in quite some time: it surprised us. With most of the company's recent products leaking well before their announcements, the days of being thrown for a loop at an Apple event appeared to be over. But thrown for a loop we were, when Apple announced a new 4th-generation iPad.
We knew that a new iPad was coming, but it was supposed to be a new 3rd-generation iPad with a Lightning connector. Instead, we got a new model with not only the new connector, but updated front-facing cameras, and a new A6X chip. A modest upgrade, yes; but a much bigger one than anyone expected.
Now that the iPad 4 is here, is it worth upgrading? Or should you hold out for the inevitable 5th-generation model? Let's take a look.

Design

It's deja vu, all over again

If you've ever used a 3rd-generation iPad, then you're already familiar with the 4th-generation iPad's design. The only external difference is that the older iPad's larger 30-pin port is replaced by the tiny Lightning port.
Otherwise it's the same aluminum build, tapered back, and 9.4-mm thickness. Even the weight stays the same, at 653 g (1.44 lbs). The difference between this iPad and the last is like the jump from the iPhone 3G to 3GS or iPhone 4 to 4S: it's all on the inside.

Display

The best display in the business hasn't changed at all

Nothing has changed here either. It's the exact same 9.7-inch, 2048 x 1536 Retina Display found in the 3rd-generation iPad. Text looks nearly like printed paper, photos are crisp and vibrant, and games like Infinity Blade II and N.O.V.A. 3 offer an absurd amount of graphical detail.
The only other tablet display that compares to the iPad's is the nearly 300 pixels per inch (PPI) screen found in the Nexus 10. We'll have to wait to see these two side-by-side, but there's nothing to complain about in this stellar display.

Performance

The iPad 4 blazed through GTA 3

The iPad 4 is only upgraded in one major area, but it's quite an upgrade. Its A6X chip features a 1.4GHz dual core processor, along with quad core graphics. Apple promised over twice the performance of the 3rd-generation iPad. This was no bloated claim: the new iPad sizzles.
The iPad 3 never felt slow to me, but it also wasn't noticeably zippy. The iPad 4 is. If you've used an iPhone 5, expect similar speeds here. Apps open and close instantly, pictures snap in rapid-fire fashion, and intensive gaming is flawless. Putting the new tablet through Geekbench paces yielded a score of 1766, a huge improvement over the iPad 3's 757.
One of the big places you'll notice the A6X is in loading screens. Apps and games which previously took several seconds to load are now ready in less than half of that time.
The new iPad blazed through one of the more processor-intensive productivity apps, Photoshop Touch. Applying filters, tweaking lighting levels, and making selections all went much quicker on the 4th-generation iPad. Adjusting selections, which used to be interrupted by constant processing, now happens almost in real-time. Adobe hasn't updated its app in any way for the A6X chip, so this boost is without any help from the software.
If the 3rd-generation iPad doesn't feel slow to you, then you might want to keep a distance from this 4th-generation model. After using it, the old one will feel slow.

Cameras

The new(er) iPad's front-facing camera (right) takes much clearer pictures

The front camera was upgraded in the 4th-generation iPad, and it's a noticeable improvement. It's still only 1.2 MP, but that's significantly higher than the VGA front shooter in the iPad 3.
As you can see in the above (non-processed) samples, the new front camera will make your friends look significantly sharper on the 9.7-inch screen.
The rear camera is basically the same as the one in the iPad 3, but Apple is advertising the addition of some of the optics from the iPhone 5. You can see below that it isn't a huge difference, but the new camera does appear to let in a bit more light:

The rear camera is mostly the same, but it does appear to have some improved optics

Wi-Fi

Gizmag's homepage rendered faster, but it was due to the A6X chip, not faster Wi-Fi

Apple claims that the new iPad has improved Wi-Fi capabilities, supporting dual-band (2.4GHz and 5GHz) 802.11n and channel bonding. Depending on your connection, you may see faster network speeds.
On the 20Mbps DSL-based network I tested it on, I saw no difference from the 3rd-generation iPad. Speed tests clocked the 4th-gen. model at roughly the same speeds. Uploads, downloads, and latency were all in the same ballpark. Perhaps those with faster home networks will see improved performance, but I wouldn't recommend basing your purchase on this.

Software

The App Store is still one of the iPad's biggest advantages

Apart from its Jony Ive-helmed design, the biggest reason to choose the iPad over rivals like Surface RT and the Nexus 10 is its software. The App Store has over 275,000 native tablet apps, many more than any of its competitors. A great computer is nothing without great software, and the iPad delivers.
The new iPad presently ships with iOS 6, and you can immediately update it to 6.0.1. Siri, Facebook/Twitter integration, Maps (for better or worse), and all of the familiar staples of iOS are waiting. For more detail, you can see our overview of iOS 6.

Who is it for?

Is it worth upgrading?

When Apple announced the 4th-generation iPad, iPad 3 owners were furious, as their seven-month-old devices were deemed obsolete. There is, however, one big problem with this assessment: the 3rd-generation iPad is far from obsolete. Though the older model is off the market, the iPad 4 is essentially the same device with some improved guts.
Apart from those obsessed with having the latest-and-greatest (and those with money to blow), iPad 3 owners don't even need to consider upgrading. Is the 4th-generation iPad better? Sure. But not by wide enough of a margin to justify dropping an extra US$500 (or more), just a few months after buying its predecessor.
First-time iPad buyers and owners of older iPads (original or iPad 2), though, are in for a treat. The new iPad has one of the best displays you've seen on anything, an attractive design, and turbo-charged performance.

Two caveats

If you're in the market for a new iPad, there are only two reasons to balk at this 4th-generation model: the iPad mini, and the possibility of a new model in March.
If Apple released this iPad 4 only seven months after the iPad 3, who says we won't see an iPad 5 in a few more months? I'm not sure if Apple would abandon its typical iPad release slot and crunch all of its big announcements into the (Northern Hemisphere) autumn. This model was likely released to maximize holiday sales; a bigger update could be just around the corner.
Then there's the iPad mini. Though it sorely misses the larger model's Retina Display, it sports an airy new design, it's more portable, and holding it with one hand is extremely comfortable. If you can tolerate its 1024 x 768 display (1/4 the pixels of the iPad 4's display), it may be a better buy than the full-sized tablet. See our iPad mini review for more.


This article taken from review of  Will Shanklin

iPhone 5 vs. Galaxy S III

There's nothing like a good rivalry. Whether it's Ali vs. Frazier, FC Barcelona vs. Real Madrid, or Magic vs. Bird, gritty duels have a way of getting people pumped. In this Digital Age, consumer tech has its own sets of sworn opponents: in the 80s it was Apple vs. IBM, later we saw Windows vs. OS X, and gamers even have Playstation vs. Xbox.

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In 2012, however, the biggest tech rivalry is the match between the two biggest players in mobile: Apple and Samsung. This one has gotten nasty, extending into international courts. Things only get more interesting with the release of Apple's iPhone 5 this week.
A great product is much more than the sum of its parts, but – even in this post-PC era – specs can matter. If one phone has a quad-core chip with 2GB of RAM, and another a single-core CPU with 128MB of RAM, the first one will be much faster. Likewise, a display with 320 pixels per inch (ppi) will look much sharper than one with 163ppi. You'd be foolish to worship at the altar of specs, but technical details can still shed some light on the subject.
So, with many grains of salt in hand, let's see how Apple's newest iPhone stacks up against the current cream of Android's crop, the Samsung Galaxy S III:

Dimensions

Say what you will about Samsung's originality, but its devices are beloved by millions. The Galaxy S III has an expansive surface, but measures thinner than the previous two iPhones.
The iPhone 5, meanwhile, is Apple's first redesigned handset in over two years. It's longer than the iPhone 4/4S (by 8.6mm), but maintains the same width. At 7.6mm thick, the iPhone 5 is also one of the thinnest smartphones around (the Droid Razr measures at 7.1mm, but it has a protruding hump).

Weight

The iPhone 5 is light. Though the iPhone 4/4S was far from a hulking monstrosity, the new model is 28 grams lighter. Part of this is due to its thinner design (and internal components), but its aluminum backing is the biggest reason. The past two iPhones had glass backs, which naturally added some heft.
Though it may feel heavy next to the iPhone 5, you can do much worse than the Galaxy S III. Despite sporting a monstrous display and a wider build than Apple's latest, it's still a relatively light smartphone.

Display

The iPhone 5 offers the first change in screen size since Apple entered the industry in 2007, boosting the iPhone display from 3.5 to 4 inches. Rather than adding a huge screen with the same 3:2 aspect ratio, though, Tim Cook & company lengthened it. It shifts to a narrower 16:9 aspect ratio: larger, but you can still reach your thumb across the screen.
The Galaxy S III, meanwhile, has a display that is both longer and wider than the iPhone's. If you aren't concerned with thumb reach, the S3 offers significantly more screen real estate.
Size isn't everything though. Apple is promising 44 percent greater color saturation over the iPhone 4/4S. The touch-sensing electrodes are also nearer to the display's surface, moving one step closer to the illusion of ink on paper.

CPU

Remember when I said specs weren't everything? These chips are great examples. On paper, the processors in both versions (North America and international) of the Galaxy S III are superior - faster clock speed and an equal or greater number of cores. But early tests reveal that Apple's custom A6 SoC is a beast, breaking records in Geekbench and Sunspider benchmarks.
Unsurprisingly, the A6's closest rival in those tests has been the Galaxy S III. Both editions of the handset deliver some of the best smartphone performance you'll see in 2012 ... but they may not match the wicked speed of the iPhone 5.

RAM

Another big factor in performance, RAM is evenly matched at 1GB in the iPhone 5 and the global Galaxy S III. The US/Canada S3, meanwhile, doubles the memory with a whopping 2GB.

Storage

Here's another closely-matched category. The 64GB version of Samsung's flagship launches soon, and the only other difference is the microSD card slot that it (and most Android phones) offer.
As always, more flash memory means you're spending more money.

Wireless Connectivity

After over 18 months worth of LTE-equipped Android phones, Apple has now given us an iPhone with "true 4G." Those who live in an area with available coverage will see cellular data speeds that are faster than many home broadband connections.
The Galaxy S III also supports LTE, like most high-end Android phones from the last year or so.

Battery

The biggest reason for Apple taking its sweet time delivering LTE? It took a while to get battery life up to snuff. Early LTE phones like the HTC Thunderbolt and Motorola Droid Bionic sometimes struggled to last a few hours. We finally saw an LTE phone with great battery life in the Droid Razr Maxx, and the Galaxy S III is no slouch either. It should last a full day for most users.
We've yet to put an iPhone 5 through the paces, but Apple promises better battery life than the iPhone 4S, even while on LTE. Early reviews suggest that it lives up to this promise, but we'll update after getting our hands on one.

Camera

You can't go wrong with either camera. At least before the iPhone 5, many valued the S3's shooter as the best on the market. Despite many similarities to the 4S' camera, Apple is promising key improvements over its predecessor - including better low-light shooting.
Apple is highlighting a new panorama shooting feature in iOS 6 (exclusive to the iPhone 4S and iPhone 5). Though it offers Apple's customary polish and attention to detail, there are already several quality third-party panorama apps on both iOS and Android, and a similar stock panorama feature on the S3.

Intangibles

Though Apple design guru Jony Ive isn't part of the iPhone 5, he does represent those elements of Apple's appeal that can't be drawn from tech specs alone. While rival manufacturers focus more on specs, marketable features, and pricing, Apple's main focus is on the customer's experience. That includes the feeling one gets from holding, viewing, and using the product. With its combination of lightness, unprecedented thinness, and beautiful design, the iPhone 5 may epitomize this philosophy more than any prior Apple product.
The Galaxy S III, on the other hand, is today's Android flagship. In a crowded field of high-end smartphones, that's no small feat. In other words, if a friend asked for advice on the one Android phone to buy, you'd be wise to recommend the Galaxy S III.
The Galaxy S III isn't quite on the software cutting edge, sporting the nearly year-old Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich (skinned with Samsung's Touchwiz UI). Samsung did, however, cook up several unique features: S Beam (which utilizes its Near Field Communication chip to enable peer-to-peer sharing), a variety of social sharing features, and its (less intelligent) Siri rival, S Voice.
The iPhone 5 ships with iOS 6, which heralds the arrival of a new Apple Maps app - including Siri-powered turn-by-turn navigation - and system-wide Facebook sharing. It also brings incremental improvements to Safari, Mail, iCloud, and Siri.
Long-term Apple customers will notice another big difference this year: Apple has redesigned its bundled earbuds. Now known as Earpods, the tiny headphones promise a more secure and comfortable fit, as well as improved acoustics. As a standalone $30 product, these aren't high-end models for audiophiles, but they do look to drastically improve on the old earbuds.
One last iPhone update to keep in mind: Apple added a new connector to the iPhone 5. Dubbed Lightning, it's smaller, promises faster speeds, and is reversible. Unfortunately, it also requires you to buy a $30 adapter to keep using all of your old docks, speakers, and other accessories. It was time for the old 30-pin connector to go, but it would have been nice to see a cheaper (or bundled) adapter for those old accessories.

Summing Up

So which phone is better? Who's the grand poo-bah of the smartphone market? Much of that will come down to your preferences. If you've already dug your heels into either the Android or iOS camp, then your mind was likely made up long ago. But if you haven't yet chosen a side, we recommend you head to a retail store to get some hands-on time with both phones. It's hard to go wrong with either one.
As the iPhone 5 begins to arrive on people's doorsteps (and in the hands of weary Apple Store campers), we'd love to hear your thoughts about it. Does it live up to expectations, or feel like another incremental update?

"reposted from article of"

By Will Shanklin
September 20, 2012

Forget 3D Your dream TV should be 4K

The Sony`s 84-inch XBR-84X900 is the first 4K resolution.

If you find your 55″ 1080p TV set is just too small and pixelated, you’ll be thrilled to know the next generation of ridiculously enormous, ultra-high-resolution smart TVs are on the way. Get ready for 4K TV.

On Wednesday, Sony introduced the 84-inch XBR-84X900, a 3840 x 2160 resolution LCD TV. It incorporates a detachable 10-speaker audio system that offers “virtual” 5.1 surround sound. It also features built-in WiFi so you can slurp down video and music from Netflix, Pandora, and around 50 other providers through the Sony Entertainment Network.

The 84-inch display will provide a much more immersive, cinema-like experience for the home. But much to the chagrin of some cinephiles, the set also offers 3-D, which you’ll need to enjoy with the accompanying 3D glasses. Consumers have repeatedly shown that they’re not into popping on a pair of glasses just to attempt to enjoy 3-D at home.

For the unfamiliar, 4K resolution displays boast 8 million pixels and a resolution four times that of full HD. And the number itself can be a little confusing. 720p and 1080p displays are for the number of vertical pixels, but the 4K term refers to the number of horizontal pixels. 

Also available is the  LG Electronic's new 84-inch flat-screen TVs, which can show 8 million pixels per frame, or four times the quality of current high definition broadcasts, for US$22,100.

But you'll have to wait for something to watch on it.

The Korean electronics maker said Wednesday at a press conference in Seoul that the new TV will go on sale in Korea and global markets from next month. The TV has an impressively large screen that can display 3840 by 2160 pixels, along with a customizable 3D feature that allows viewers to set the depth of field and Internet "smart TV" connectivity.

 

Samsung's 70-inch 4K

WHAT IS 4K?

4K refers to one of two high definition resolutions: 3840 x 2160 pixels or 4096 x 2160 pixels. 4K is four times the high definition resolution of 1080p (1920x1080 pixels) that is one of main current consumer high definition resolution standards. The other high definition resolutions currently is use are 720p and 1080i. 4K is also referred to at times as 4K x 2K or Quad High Definition.

4K resolution is now being employed in an increasing basis in commercial digital cinema projection, where more and more films are shot or mastered in 4K, or upscaled from 2K (1998x1080 for 1.85:1 aspect ratio or 2048 x 858 for 2.35:1 aspect ratio).

Also, 4K is beginning to be implemented into the home theater environment via both a growing number of home theater receivers that have either 4K pass-through and/or 4K video upscaling capability, as well as some 3D-TVs and 3D video projectors.

Why 4K?

What makes 4K significant is that with the use of ever larger TV screen sizes as well as video projectors, 4K provides much more detailed and less pixel visible images than 1080p. 1080p looks great up to about 80-inches, and can still look good in larger screen screen sizes, but 4K can deliver an even better looking image for those larger screen sizes.

Also, 3D TVs and Video Projectors currently in use that employ the Passive Polarized Glasses method of viewing, resolution of the resultant 3D image is cut to 540p (960x540 pixels) for each eye, which is 1/2 1080p resolution. In comparison, the same TV displays a 2D image in 1080p resolution.

However, by employing a 4K resolution panel or screen, 3D images viewed via Passive Polarized Glasses can be displayed with 1080p (1920x1080) resolution for each eye. The additional bonus is that when viewing 2D images on the same TV, the viewer will see a full 4K resolution image.

4K Implementation Issues

However, it is important to note that there is no video source material available for the consumer market that is actually in 4K resolution, whether from a Disc or TV transmission. The TV, video projector, or outboard video processor, has to upscale the incoming 3D or 2D signal to the desired 4K resolution.

It is interesting to note is that Blu-ray Discs do have the physical capability to accommodate 4K resolution content, but additional disc layers would have be added to provide enough space for a full length movie. Also, current Blu-ray disc players would probably not be able to play back native 4K content (which means you would have to buy a new player), but in an interesting twist, there are limited number of Blu-ray Disc players have incorporated built-in 1080p to 4K upscaling capability. In other words, such players can upscale current Blu-ray discs to 4K for display on a 4K TV. However, 4K TVs and video projectors, and, as mentioned above, a growing number of home theater receivers also have this upscaling capability.

As far as providing 4K over broadcast, satellite, cable, or even streamed via the internet - the required extra bandwidth that would be required would necessitate big infrastructure costs, and with the cost incurred by broadcasters and other providers for the recent required DTV transition, there is no enthusiasm to do it all over again for 4K. On other hand, there is the possibility of the development of new video compression techniques that might actually be able to squeeze all that additional data into the current HDTV transmission infrastructure - but then agreement for a specific standard would have to be settled before it could be widely adopted, including provisions for some form of backwards compatibility with current technology.

What 4K Really Means for Consumers

The increasing availability of 4K can deliver consumers a greatly improved video display image for larger screen applications, and can greatly reduce the ability for viewers to see any visible pixel structure on the screen, unless you place yourself extremely close to the screen. This means even smoother edges and depth - in fact, when combined with faster screen refresh rates, 4K has the potential to deliver almost as much depth as 3D - without the need for glasses.

The implementation of 4K doesn't make your TV obsolete, you will still be able to use it and current HDTV infrastructure will not be abandoned anytime soon. If and when 4K is implemented on a wide basis, it will be in addition to, not in place of, current technology, just as 3D is currently. Of course, just as with the recent DTV transition, there may come a date and time certain where 4K may become the default standard, but that means a lot of infrastructure needs to be in place, and there must be standardization throughout the entire production and delivery chain, as well as consumer acceptance.

Beyond 4K

Yes, they are already thinking beyond 4K - how about 8K? 8K is 16 times the resolution of 1080p. For more on this development, read my article 8K Resolution, as well as a peak at an 8K TV prototype that was on display at CES 2012.

Video Resolution vs Megapixels

Before you leave this article ready to throw up your hands, when you compare 1080p, 4K, and 8K resolution to the pixel resolution of even modestly priced digital still cameras, 1080p (1920x1080) is only 2.1 megapixels, 4K (3840 x 2160 or 4096 x 2160) is about 8.5 megapixels. Only with 8K (7680 x 4320 pixels - 4320p) do you get into the pixel resolution range of the best professional digital still cameras - 33.2 megapixels. In other words, you are most likely taking photos with much higher resolution that you can see on your TV screen, when it comes to video content.

Of course, all the above being said, you are the one that needs to be satisfied with what you are seeing on your TV screen - resolution is one part, but other factors, such as video processing and upscaling quality, color consistency, black level response, contrast, screen size, and let us not forget how the TV physically looks in your room, are also factors to take into consideration.

MIT develops new glasses-free 3D TV technology

MIT’s Media Lab has proposed a new technique for multiple-perspective and glasses-free 3D technology

Though 3D movies have been around for a while, the experience of visiting a cinema to catch the latest blockbuster is dampened by unwieldy glasses and the limitation of only one fixed perspective being offered to all. The illusion of depth is present, but this is far removed from the hologram-like, multiple-perspective experience which would truly wow movie-goers. MIT's Media Lab’s Camera Culture group proposes a new approach to 3D images that promises glasses-free multiple-perspective 3D. Perhaps best of all though, MIT's technique uses inexpensive existing LCD technology, clearing the way for the tech to be implemented into TV's.

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Holography works, but...

“Holography works, it’s beautiful, nothing can touch its quality,” enthused Douglas Lanman, a postdoc at the Media Lab. “The problem, of course, is that holograms don’t move. To make them move, you need to create a hologram in real time, and to do that, you need … little tiny pixels, smaller than anything we can build at large volume at low cost. So the question is, what do we have now? We have LCDs. They’re incredibly mature, and they’re cheap."

In order to understand the MIT-based team’s proposal, it’s useful to consider theNintendo 3DS. The 3DS sports a glasses-free 3D display which provides an illusion of depth made possible by a relatively simple process: in the top screen, two layered LCD screens display two slightly offset images which represent each perspective of the user's eyes. Meanwhile, the bottom screen merely shows alternating dark and light bands in order to ensure each eye sees only the image intended for it. A limitation to Nintendo's console is that users must keep their gaze in a fixed position to experience the 3D effect.

Researchers at the Media Lab Camera Culture group reasoned that they could take the principles utilized by Nintendo still further. By tailoring the patterns displayed on the top and bottom screens to each other, the team was able to filter the light emitted by the display in a more sophisticated way and thus create an image that would alter with varying perspectives. Dubbed HR3D, the project appears to be independent to the other MIT-based holographic television project we previouslyreported on.

Reducing the hertz

The researchers first calculated that for the HR3D to offer convincing multiple-perspective 3D, the screen used would be required to flicker ten times for every frame of 3D video, pushing said screen up to an impractical 1,000 Hz refresh rate. But by combining two LCD screens in unison, the Media Lab team was eventually able to get the required refresh rate for convincing multiple-perspective 3D down to a more realistic, but as yet still unattainable, 360 Hz.

This solution brought its own problems though, as using two LCD screens in unison increases the complexity of calculating the required patterns, so the team then turned to computed topography (CT) technology that is used in medical imaging. It turns out that the computation involved in CT technology is very similar to the math that the MIT Media Lab Camera Culture group is dealing with.

“The way I like to think about it is, we’re building a patient whose CT scan is the view,” said Lanman.

Once the numbers were crunched with the help of CT technology, a display was produced that approaches the experience of a true moving hologram. Until an LCD display is able to offer refresh rates of 360 Hz, the existing limit of 240 Hz is ample for proving the possibilities of the project. Since LCD's have doubled from 120 Hz to 240 Hz in recent years, it's entirely possible that 360 Hz will be available soon.

Still in development

At this year's Siggraph computer-graphics conference, the Media Lab researchers will demonstrate two prototype displays: one which uses three LCD panels and another which employs just two panels. To widen the viewing angle of the display, the latter places a sheet of lenses developed for stereoscopic display systems that refract light left and right in between the pair of LCD panels. With the three-panel prototype, the 3D illusion offered is consistent within a viewing angle of 20 degrees, but the refractive-lens prototype can offer viewing angle of 50 degrees.

HR3D is still very much in the development stage at this point and there's significant work to be done before we see multiple-perspective 3D TV in our homes, not to mention the fact that the relevant LCD technology still needs to be created. That said, should the HR3D prove as cost-effective and technologically feasible as these experiments suggest, awe-inspiring home TV setups could indeed become commonplace in the near-future.

The video below further details the approach taken by the Media Lab team.

Source: MIT

MIT develops new glasses-free 3D TV technology

MIT’s Media Lab has proposed a new technique for multiple-perspective and glasses-free 3D technology

Though 3D movies have been around for a while, the experience of visiting a cinema to catch the latest blockbuster is dampened by unwieldy glasses and the limitation of only one fixed perspective being offered to all. The illusion of depth is present, but this is far removed from the hologram-like, multiple-perspective experience which would truly wow movie-goers. MIT's Media Lab’s Camera Culture group proposes a new approach to 3D images that promises glasses-free multiple-perspective 3D. Perhaps best of all though, MIT's technique uses inexpensive existing LCD technology, clearing the way for the tech to be implemented into TV's.

• 
• 
• 

Holography works, but...

“Holography works, it’s beautiful, nothing can touch its quality,” enthused Douglas Lanman, a postdoc at the Media Lab. “The problem, of course, is that holograms don’t move. To make them move, you need to create a hologram in real time, and to do that, you need … little tiny pixels, smaller than anything we can build at large volume at low cost. So the question is, what do we have now? We have LCDs. They’re incredibly mature, and they’re cheap."

In order to understand the MIT-based team’s proposal, it’s useful to consider theNintendo 3DS. The 3DS sports a glasses-free 3D display which provides an illusion of depth made possible by a relatively simple process: in the top screen, two layered LCD screens display two slightly offset images which represent each perspective of the user's eyes. Meanwhile, the bottom screen merely shows alternating dark and light bands in order to ensure each eye sees only the image intended for it. A limitation to Nintendo's console is that users must keep their gaze in a fixed position to experience the 3D effect.

Researchers at the Media Lab Camera Culture group reasoned that they could take the principles utilized by Nintendo still further. By tailoring the patterns displayed on the top and bottom screens to each other, the team was able to filter the light emitted by the display in a more sophisticated way and thus create an image that would alter with varying perspectives. Dubbed HR3D, the project appears to be independent to the other MIT-based holographic television project we previouslyreported on.

Reducing the hertz

The researchers first calculated that for the HR3D to offer convincing multiple-perspective 3D, the screen used would be required to flicker ten times for every frame of 3D video, pushing said screen up to an impractical 1,000 Hz refresh rate. But by combining two LCD screens in unison, the Media Lab team was eventually able to get the required refresh rate for convincing multiple-perspective 3D down to a more realistic, but as yet still unattainable, 360 Hz.

This solution brought its own problems though, as using two LCD screens in unison increases the complexity of calculating the required patterns, so the team then turned to computed topography (CT) technology that is used in medical imaging. It turns out that the computation involved in CT technology is very similar to the math that the MIT Media Lab Camera Culture group is dealing with.

“The way I like to think about it is, we’re building a patient whose CT scan is the view,” said Lanman.

Once the numbers were crunched with the help of CT technology, a display was produced that approaches the experience of a true moving hologram. Until an LCD display is able to offer refresh rates of 360 Hz, the existing limit of 240 Hz is ample for proving the possibilities of the project. Since LCD's have doubled from 120 Hz to 240 Hz in recent years, it's entirely possible that 360 Hz will be available soon.

Still in development

At this year's Siggraph computer-graphics conference, the Media Lab researchers will demonstrate two prototype displays: one which uses three LCD panels and another which employs just two panels. To widen the viewing angle of the display, the latter places a sheet of lenses developed for stereoscopic display systems that refract light left and right in between the pair of LCD panels. With the three-panel prototype, the 3D illusion offered is consistent within a viewing angle of 20 degrees, but the refractive-lens prototype can offer viewing angle of 50 degrees.

HR3D is still very much in the development stage at this point and there's significant work to be done before we see multiple-perspective 3D TV in our homes, not to mention the fact that the relevant LCD technology still needs to be created. That said, should the HR3D prove as cost-effective and technologically feasible as these experiments suggest, awe-inspiring home TV setups could indeed become commonplace in the near-future.

The video below further details the approach taken by the Media Lab team.

Source: MIT